Deploy inicial: API FastAPI + infra Podman/Caddy + docs

- App FastAPI (main.py, app/): rotas /health e /dados_retorno, middleware anti-scanner, logging configurado
- Config via configs.json (Pydantic); segredos fora do codigo e do git (.gitignore)
- Dockerfile (oracledb thin, HEALTHCHECK) + requirements.txt + .dockerignore
- Deploy Podman/Quadlet + Caddy em deploy/
- Docs: CLAUDE.md + docs/ (arquitetura, deploy, known-issues)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# API - Scardua
+# Imagem enxuta: thin mode do oracledb (sem Instant Client / sem libs nativas)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+FROM python:3.12-slim
+
+# Nao gera .pyc e nao bufferiza o log (aparece na hora no docker logs)
+ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 \
+    PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Dependencias primeiro para aproveitar o cache de camada do Docker
+COPY requirements.txt .
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
+
+# Codigo da aplicacao
+COPY main.py .
+COPY app/ ./app/
+
+EXPOSE 8000
+
+# Healthcheck em exec-form (JSON, sem shell -> sem problema de aspas).
+# O podman auto-update usa isto pra decidir rollback.
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=5s --start-period=20s --retries=3 \
+    CMD ["python3", "-c", "import urllib.request; urllib.request.urlopen('http://127.0.0.1:8000/health').read()"]
+
+# ATENCAO: config/segredos NAO entram na imagem (.dockerignore).
+# No deploy sao injetados via Quadlet (Volume do configs.json) -> ver deploy/api-scardua.container.
+# Roda com 1 worker (VPS tem 2 vCPU; evitar paralelismo pesado).
+CMD ["uvicorn", "main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8000"]